Diabetesmellitus
Thelevelsofglucose,TC,TG,LDL-caswellasASTandALTenzymeactivities,increasedsignificantlyindiabeticrats.While,insulinandHDL-clevelsdecreasedsignificantlyinSTZ-induceddiabeticrats.TheremediationofdiabeticratswithH.pluvialisethanolicextractattenuatedtheelevatedlevelsofglucose,totalcholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),lowdensitylipoprotein(LDL)-cholesterolandliverenzymeactivitiesaspartatetransaminase(AST)andalaninetransaminase(ALT)indiabeticratsbesides,itenhancedinsulinandhighdensitylipoprotein(HDL)-cholesterollevels.Further,thehistopathologicalinvestigationdemonstratedimprovementsinbothofpancreasandhepaticarchitecturesofdiabeticratspostsupplementatinwithH.pluvialisextract.Hence,theethanolicextractofH.pluvialishasapromisingantidiabeticpotencythroughattenuationofseveralmetabolicdisordersassociateddiabetes.
Al-zheimer
Tumornecrosisfactor-alpha(TNFα),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β(andinflammationprotein(MIP1α(weresignificantlyincreasedinADrats.Moreover,theexpressionofPI3KandAktgeneswasdown-regulatedwhichitwascoincidedwithincreasetheapoptosisinADrats.OntheotherhandtreatmentofADratswithH.pluvialisextractdecreasedtheoxidativestressofADintheformofpreventiontheinflammatoryandapoptoticimpacts.TheseresultssuggestedthatthebiologicalactivityofH.pluvialisextractsismightberegulatedbyAstaxanthinwhichisapotentantioxidantprotectingthebraincellsfromtheoxidativestressinADrats